The Masterpiece (L’Oeuvre) by Emile Zola

Not quite a masterpiece, but close
L’Oeuvre (a.k.a. The Masterpiece) tells the story of Claude Lantier, a gifted but unorthodox artist scratching out a bohemian existence in Paris. Claude’s innovative painting style is years ahead of its time. It frustrates him that he is not getting the acceptance from the cultural establishment that he feels he deserves. Determined to create a masterpiece that will earn acclaim in the annual Paris salon exhibition, he becomes obsessed with his art, abandoning his friends, his family, and his sanity.

This is the 14th book in Zola’s Rougon-Macquart series, and one of Zola’s most autobiographical novels. Claude is a surrogate for Zola’s childhood friend Paul Cézanne, and Claude’s best friend Pierre Sandoz stands in for the author himself. Zola vividly depicts the bohemian lifestyle of his young adulthood in Paris. Claude, Sandoz, and their gang of artist friends struggle to make their fortunes as painters, writers, and sculptors. They enjoy each other’s camaraderie, encouraging and challenging one another over drinks in a cafe where they debate the meaning and value of art. The reader can’t help but share in the excitement of their contagious determination to change the world. As an artist myself, I found Zola’s vivid description of the annual salon exhibition—the submission process, the back room politics governing the selection of works, the opening day festivities—particularly fascinating. As the young men grow up, they drift apart somewhat and begin to lead more settled, adult lives. Claude’s love interest, Christine, takes on a larger role in his life, and becomes an equally prominent character in the novel. Zola delves deeply into the dynamics of Claude’s marriage, and the toll his art takes on the relationship.

The least interesting scenes of the book are the extensive descriptions of the “masterpiece” itself. The specifics of the work don’t add much to our understanding of the artist’s obsession. Though this book engages the reader from the beginning, it falters towards the end as it becomes more and more divorced from reality. In order to prove a point about the intrinsic inseparability of art and artist, Zola exaggerates Claude’s compulsion until it defies believability. Despite these few complaints, overall this is an excellent novel and a great window into the artistic world of Paris at a time when exciting changes took place. Zola fans will find it a valuable read, as will anyone interested in the art world of turn-of-the-century (last century, that is) France.
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